Titanium for Extreme Corrosion Environments
Titanium is applied in environments requiring corrosion resistance combined with strength-to-weight efficiency.
It is used in chemical processing, marine systems, and semiconductor equipment where structural performance and corrosion stability are required.
Selection is typically based on operating temperature, chloride concentration, and required mechanical strength.
Key Material Properties of Titanium
Titanium is used where corrosion resistance and weight reduction are required.
Applicable to industrial and medical systems requiring mechanical strength and chemical stability.
High Corrosion Resistance
Stable in seawater, chloride media, and acid environments.
- Formation of stable TiO₂ oxide layer
- Self-repassivation under damaged surface
- Applicable to chemical and marine systems
High Strength-to-Weight Ratio
Maintains structural strength at reduced weight.
- Strength comparable to steel at lower density
- Reduced structural load
- Applicable to equipment and structural components
Heat & Oxidation Resistance
Stable oxide layer at elevated temperature.
- Maintains oxide stability under heat
- Resistance to oxidation and deformation
- Applicable to thermal and exhaust systems
Biocompatibility
Chemically stable in biological and high-purity environments.
- No reaction with bodily fluids
- Low ion release
- Applicable to medical and semiconductor systems
Where Titanium Is Used
for Highly Concentrated Acids
Heat transfer in high-temperature,
highly concentrated acid environments.
& Column Linings
Internal linings for long-term corrosion resistance
in aggressive chemical processes.
& Distillation Systems
Equipment for corrosive vapors
and repeated thermal cycling.
Handling Equipment
Materials for contamination-sensitive
chemical processes.
Common Industrial Tantalum Grades
| Category | Grade | Key Characteristics | Typical Applications |
|---|---|---|---|
| CP Titanium | Gr.1 | Maximum ductility Highest corrosion resistance |
Heat exchangers, chemical equipment, formed components |
| Gr.2 | Balanced strength and corrosion resistance Good weldability |
Pressure vessels, piping systems, process equipment | |
| Gr.3 | Higher strength than Gr.2 Maintained corrosion resistance |
Structural components, high-pressure systems | |
| Gr.4 | Highest strength among CP grades Corrosion resistance retained |
Marine structures, high-load components | |
| α Alloy | Gr.7 (Ti-0.2Pd) | Pd-added corrosion resistance Stable in reducing acids |
HCl systems, chlorine environments |
| Gr.11 | Low oxygen version of Gr.7 Improved ductility and weldability |
Pressure vessels, chemical equipment | |
| Gr.12 | Mo/Ni alloyed Improved high-temperature corrosion resistance |
Hydrometallurgy, high-temp piping | |
| Gr.16 | Pd-added Enhanced formability |
Seawater systems, chemical equipment | |
| Gr.17 | Low oxygen Pd alloy Improved weldability |
Marine systems, fine chemical equipment | |
| α–β Alloy | Gr.5 (Ti-6Al-4V) | High strength and fatigue resistance Lightweight structure |
Aerospace structures, mechanical components |
| Gr.23 | ELI version of Gr.5 High toughness for medical use |
Implants, medical components | |
| Gr.6 | High-temperature stability Strength retention under heat |
Engine components | |
| Gr.9 | Good weldability Optimized for tubing |
Heat exchanger tubes, light structures | |
| Gr.18 | Improved toughness over Gr.9 | Aircraft structures | |
| β Alloy | Ti-1023 | High strength Good formability |
Aerospace structures |
| Ti-6242 | High-temperature strength Oxidation resistance |
Engine components | |
| Ti-6246 | Higher strength than 6242 High-temperature stability |
Turbine components | |
| Ti-15-3 | Excellent cold formability | Panels, springs | |
| Ti-38644 | Ultra-high strength Heat resistance |
Defense components | |
| Ti-5553 | Very high strength High load capacity |
Landing gear, heavy structures |
Representative Corrosion Rates
| Environment | Titanium (Gr.2) | SUS316L | Carbon Steel | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seawater (25°C) | Stable | 0.02–0.05 | Rapid Corrosion | Stable oxide film, no localized corrosion |
| Chloride Solution | Stable | Pitting | Severe Corrosion | Resistant to chloride-induced attack |
| Oxidizing Acid (HNO₃) | Stable | Moderate | Severe | Maintains corrosion resistance in oxidizing conditions |
| Reducing Acid (H₂SO₄) | Low (Condition-dependent) | Moderate | Severe | Performance depends on concentration and temperature |
| Brine | Stable | Pitting | Severe | No localized corrosion observed |
| Wet Chlorine Gas | Stable | Rapid Attack | Severe Attack | Stable in chlorine environments |
| Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) | Caution | Severe Attack | Severe Attack | Condition-dependent stability |
Physical Properties (Reference: Titanium Grade 2)
Titanium is applied in environments requiring corrosion resistance with reduced structural weight.
The following table presents representative physical properties for material selection and design.
| Property | Value (Titanium Gr.2) | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 4.51 g/cm³ | Lower than steel and nickel alloys, supporting weight reduction in structural and process equipment. |
| Melting Point | 1,668°C | Suitable for service conditions requiring thermal stability beyond general structural metals. |
| Tensile Strength | ~345 MPa | Provides a practical balance of strength, ductility, and fabricability for industrial applications. |
| Yield Strength | ~275 MPa | Supports structural reliability under operating load while maintaining corrosion resistance. |
| Elongation | 20% | Applicable to forming, rolling, and fabrication where ductility is required. |
| Thermal Conductivity | ~16.4 W/m·K | Lower than copper or aluminum, but applicable to heat-transfer equipment requiring corrosion resistance. |
| Modulus of Elasticity | ~105 GPa | Lower stiffness than steel, requiring consideration in deflection-sensitive design. |
Meterials Supplied by ATX
Primary Metal Materials
Pipes & Tubes
Accessories & Components
Wire Products
Wire Rod · Welding Wire · Mesh Wire
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Pipe Fittings (Elbow · Tee) · Flanges
